Dysgenesis in the brain can be a factor in autism spectrum disorders (ASD):
Dendritic spine dysgenesis
Atypical numbers and structures of dendritic spines in the central neurons of people with autism. This cellular pathology is also found in experimental mouse models of ASD.
Cerebral cortical dysgenesis
A malformation of the cerebral cortex that can occur when neural migration is defective during gestation. Symptoms include a thickened cortex, high neuronal density, and poor boundaries between the grey and white matter.
Olfactory bulb dysgenesis
A dysgenesis or agenesis of the olfactory bulbs and projection zones in the brain may contribute to ASD.
Other neuroanatomical abnormalities in autism include: Agenesis of the superior olive, Dysgenesis of the facial nucleus, Reduced numbers of Purkinje neurons, and Hypoplasia of the brainstem and posterior cerebellum.
ASD is a chronic condition with a wide range of symptoms, including difficulty with communication and social interactions, repetitive behaviors, and obsessive interests.